Figure 4: Spectrum of speech-shaped-noise used for masking native and non-native consonants and VCV syllables produced by native speakers of American English and Malayalam at −8 dB SNR. Black dashed line and grey dashed line represent spectrum of speech-shaped noise used for masking non-native and native consonants respectively. Black lines and grey lines represent spectrum of VCV syllables produced by native speakers of American English and Malayalam. Each line represents the spectrum of individual syllables.